A stroboscopic study of lip vibrations in a trombone
نویسندگان
چکیده
The purpose of the present study was to obtain detailed photographic sequences and lip motion data on which lip models for brass instruments may be more accurately based. The study expands upon an earlier study by Martin @J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 13, 305–307 ~1942!# by using advanced fiber-optic stroboscopy, a real instrument mouthpiece, and by studying two dynamic levels. The trombone was selected as representative of the brass family because its relatively large mouthpiece permitted the use of an optic probe. Lip motion was observed from the front and side for six notes ~B[2, F3, B[3, D4, F4, A[4! played at loud and soft dynamic levels. The video sequences were used to obtain information on lip opening area, lip motion perpendicular to airflow, and lip motion parallel to airflow. The data are tabulated and represented in graphic form. © 1996 Acoustical Society of America.
منابع مشابه
Parametric Trombone Synthesis by Coupling Dynamic Lip Valve and Instrument Models
In this work, a physics-based model of a trombone coupled to a lip reed is presented, with the parameter space explored for the purpose of real-time sound synthesis. A highly configurable dynamic lip valve model is reviewed and its parameters discussed within the context of a trombone model. The trombone model is represented as two separate parametric transfer functions, corresponding to tappin...
متن کاملOpen areas of vibrating lips in trombone playing
In brass instruments the player’s lips are used as a control valve that allows an oscillating flow of air into the instrument. The behaviour of this valve, the lip-reed, is determined by both the pressure difference across the lips and the open area between the lips. Computer simulations of brass instrument playing frequently represent the lips as an oscillating system with one degree of freedo...
متن کاملTrombone Synthesis by Model and Measurement
A physics-based synthesis model of a trombone is developed using filter elements that are both theoretically-based and estimated from measurement. The model consists of two trombone instrument transfer functions: one at the position of the mouthpiece enabling coupling to a lip-valve model and one at the outside of the bell for sound production. The focus of this work is on extending a previousl...
متن کاملAcoustical properties of the vocal-tract in trombone performance
The study of the acoustical in uence of the upstream (vocal-tract) airway in wind instrument performance has been a growing subject of interest in musical acoustics. In a recent study performed on trombone players, we observed a noticeable increase of the acoustic pressure near the fundamental frequency at the input of the vocal tract relative to the acoustic pressure at the input of the instru...
متن کاملRelationships between pressure, flow, lip motion, and upstream and downstream impedances for the trombone.
This experimental study investigates ten subjects playing the trombone in the lower and mid-high range of the instrument, B♭2 to F4. Several techniques are combined to show the pressures and the impedance spectra upstream and downstream of the lips, the acoustic and total flows into the instrument, the component of the acoustic flow due to the sweeping motion of the lips, and high speed video i...
متن کامل